Market Report Week 15 - 09.04.2024

Other insights Apr. 09, 2024

Summary

The week ahead is marked by significant economic data releases, including inflation figures and industrial production reports. The European Central Bank (ECB) is expected to maintain its interest rates, with potential cuts speculated for June. Inflation rates vary globally, with Argentina facing a staggering 315% year-on-year increase in February, contrasting with Brazil's projected decrease to 3.8%. China's inflation is anticipated to rise to 1.2%, accompanied by improvements in the producer price index. Industrial production continues to decline in several regions, with notable contractions in Italy and Japan. Conversely, Mexico and India show modest growth. Economic forecasts also include estimates of GDP growth, with Singapore's Q1 growth expected to surpass previous quarters. Additionally, trade dynamics and energy market trends, particularly in oil, remain under scrutiny. The US Treasury Secretary's discussions in China center on industrial overcapacity, echoing long-standing concerns about protectionism and trade barriers. Such policies may temporarily protect domestic markets but could lead to unintended consequences and disruptions in global trade patterns. Despite these challenges, China's exports remain robust, reflecting ongoing shifts in manufacturing and trade routes.

The EIA published its Short-Term Energy Outlook for April. The agency has also updated its International Energy Statistics for 2022. The EIA has upped its demand assessment by 0.8 mb/d for that year from last month’s report. the EIA calculates the balance of the market to tighten considerably in the second quarter, with inventory draws of 0.9 mb/d. However, from Q3 onwards, the market should be in balance.

DB Web Fiftyfifty Office 719X719px2

Oil

- The EIA released its Short-Term Energy Outlook for April, along with updated International Energy Statistics for 2022.

- Demand assessment for 2022 was increased by 0.8 mb/d, leading to a rise in global liquids demand for 2023 to 102 mb/d, surpassing 2022 levels by 2 mb/d.

- Projections indicate a further increase in demand for 2024 to nearly 103 mb/d, reaching 104.3 mb/d in 2025, with demand growth for 2024 lowered to 0.9 mb/d.

- Growth in demand primarily stems from non-OECD countries, reflecting considerable revisions based on delayed data.

 

- Liquids production growth is estimated at 0.8 mb/d, down from 1.8 mb/d in 2023, mainly due to OPEC+ cuts and insufficient field developments. As a result, market balance is expected to tighten considerably in the second quarter, with inventory draws of 0.9 mb/d, though stability is anticipated from Q3 onwards, with OPEC+ projected to introduce 0.6 mb/d from July onwards, influencing oil prices to average $90/bbl in the second quarter, rising slightly in Q3, and falling below $90/bbl in Q4, with muted reactions due to the absence of further stock draws.

 

The Economy

- The US Treasury Secretary visited China to address concerns about industrial overcapacity, which allegedly leads to dumping of products in other countries at below-cost prices, causing job losses in recipient countries.

- Chinese overcapacity, a longstanding issue, is now particularly focused on industries like batteries and electric vehicles, though steel has been problematic in the past.

- Capacity utilization in China stands at around 76%, indicating a significant overcapacity of 24%. Comparatively, the USA and EU have utilization rates around 78% and 79% respectively.

- Discussions revolve around protecting domestic industries, with historical precedents like the "infant industry argument" and protectionism being common strategies.

- Implementing strong trade barriers may temporarily protect domestic industries but could lead to unintended consequences like higher prices for consumers and the emergence of alternative trade routes, as seen in examples from the past involving Japanese car manufacturers and potentially Chinese electric vehicles.

 

Forward Curves

3.5% Barges R'Dam Curve

Weekly Report 090424 Page 0033

The 3.5% barges’ curve flipped the contango at the six-month horizon and is back in contango for the first six months of the curve, although the curve is in contango through the fifth month. Backwardation is $4.5/mt at the six-month horizon. The front rose $22/mt while the six-month rose $16.5/mt.

VLSFO 0.5% R'Dam Curve

Weekly Report 090424 Page 0034

The VLSFO 0.5% backwardation increased $5.5/mt to -$33/mt, compared to a week prior.

ICE Light Gasoil Curve

Weekly Report 090424 Page 0035

The ICE Gasoil curve rose $53.5/mt at the front compared to last week in absolute terms The curve remains fully in backwardation in both absolute terms, and in relative terms. The six-month rose by $42.8/mt. The time spread for the 6-month period increased nearly $11/mt to -$34.3/mt.

VLSFO 0.5% VS LGO and 3.5% Barges

Weekly Report 090424 Page 0036

The relative value of VLSFO compared to LGO at 6 months was down at 69% and in absolute terms up $23 at -$258/mt compared to 70% or $260/mt below LGO at the front. That $260/mt is up $29/mt on last week’s reading when the front was at 72% of LGO.

Weekly Report 090424 Page 0033 Weekly Report 090424 Page 0034 Weekly Report 090424 Page 0035 Weekly Report 090424 Page 0036

Our point of view

And so, the oil price rises again above $90/bbl. Speculation is rife that the price can now go to $100 and above. The news wires talk about it, and investment banks as well. The bet is that OPEC+ will not increase production and will be quite content to see the price rise. Geopolitical considerations are given for the oil price, and considered to now be mostly priced in. So far, the situation in the Red Sea has only modestly impacted the oil trades. A truce may deflate part of the geo risk premium. And that can happen at the snap of a finger. In fact, the oil price has little to do with fundamentals at this point. The EIA estimates spare oil production capacity at nearly 5 mb/d. there is considerable overhang. US commercial crude stock levels are on the average of the 2018-2022 period. And what do these stock levels really mean, when crude oil exports are running at 4-5 mb/d? Strategic stocks have been lowered considerably. While one may believe that the US should refill its strategic stocks, an alternative can be to reduce exports. That will bring domestic US prices down, and international prices will be driven up. That is pure speculation on our part, but one has to consider all the possibilities. The point is, the price is driven by other factors than the fundamentals, and that makes for a volatile environment.