Market Report Week 29 - 16.07.2024

Other insights Jul. 16, 2024

Summary

In the upcoming week, the economic news landscape is relatively quiet, with the primary focus on the European Central Bank's interest rate decision on Thursday. The ECB is expected to maintain the rate at 4.25%, given the projected slowdown in the Euro area's inflation rate to 2.5% in June from 2.6% in May. The UK's inflation rate is steady at 2%, matching the Bank of England's target, while Japan's inflation remains unchanged at 2.8%. Germany's producer price index is predicted to decrease more slowly, while Korea's is expected to rise faster. Singapore's trade surplus is projected to grow to $6.4 billion, and Japan's trade deficit is expected to improve, with an increase in exports and imports. In the USA, industrial production is anticipated to have grown by 0.4% in June, despite the Conference Board's leading index suggesting a decline. The US capacity utilization rate has increased slightly to 78.7%, showing a stable trend.

In the oil market, Baker Hughes' rig count fell by one to 478 last week. The average price of WTI decreased to $82.1 per barrel, and natural gas prices dropped to $2.3 per mmbtu. The IEA, EIA, and OPEC released their July reports, highlighting weak demand growth and varying forecasts for 2024 and 2025. The IEA predicts weak global supply growth, while the EIA forecasts stronger demand and supply growth, and OPEC maintains a high demand forecast.

China's GDP growth was reported at 4.7%, below expectations, challenging the government's 5% growth target. The Communist Party of China's third plenum is set to address long-term economic reforms, focusing on advanced manufacturing, tax system revisions, and boosting domestic consumption. China's industrial production rose by 5.3%, and India's by 5.9%, while the Euro area saw a 2.9% decline over the year. These trends highlight the growing economic disparity between advanced and developing economies, which will affect global trade patterns.

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Oil

- The IEA's July report maintains a demand growth forecast of under 1 mb/d for 2024, citing weak Q2 demand growth due to reduced Chinese demand. Supply growth from non-OPEC+ is projected at 1.5 mb/d in 2024, offset by OPEC+ reductions, leading to weak overall supply growth. The IEA forecasts stock draws in late 2023, with stock builds throughout 2025, advising OPEC+ to proceed cautiously with policy reversals.

- The EIA's outlook for 2024 is slightly more optimistic than the IEA, forecasting demand growth of 1.1 mb/d in 2024, accelerating to 1.6 mb/d in 2025. Supply growth is projected at 0.6 mb/d in 2024 and 2.2 mb/d in 2025. The EIA expects market draws until mid-2025, then balanced markets later, with Brent prices averaging $86/bbl in 2024 and $88/bbl in 2025.

- OPEC maintains the highest demand growth forecast among the three agencies, with projections of 2.2 mb/d for 2024 and 1.8 mb/d for 2025. OPEC estimates 2024 demand at 104.5 mb/d, compared to the IEA's 103.1 mb/d and the EIA's 102.9 mb/d. For 2025, OPEC projects demand at 106.3 mb/d, surpassing the IEA's and EIA's forecasts.

- OPEC highlights a significant production need for Declaration of Compliance countries, currently producing 40.9 mb/d, short of the 42.5 mb/d required. This need is expected to increase to 43.9 mb/d by Q4 2024 and 44.7 mb/d by Q3 2025, indicating a substantial policy reversal.

 

- Overall, the agencies present differing assessments of demand and supply levels, leading to a market scenario where one side attempts to lower market expectations while the other seeks to raise them, resulting in a relatively static market outlook.

 

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The Economy

- China's Q2 GDP growth was 4.7%, below the expected 5% and lower than Q1's 5.3%, making it challenging for the government to meet its annual target. The IMF projects a 4.6% growth rate for 2024, with a gradual slowdown over the next five years.

- The Communist Party of China's third plenum is focused on long-term economic reforms, addressing advanced manufacturing, tax system revisions, debt management, property crisis solutions, boosting domestic consumption, and revitalizing the private sector, aiming to elevate per capita GDP to levels of moderately developed nations by 2035.

- China's industrial production rose by 5.3% in line with forecasts, and industrial capacity utilization increased to 74.9%, surpassing forecasts and showing a 1.3% improvement from Q1.

- India's industrial production grew by 5.9%, exceeding the 5% forecast, while the Euro area's industrial production fell by 2.9% annually in May, slightly better than the 3.1% drop in April but worse than the expected 2% decline.

- There is a noticeable disparity between the economic development of advanced and developing economies, which will significantly influence seaborne trade patterns.

 

Forward Curves

3.5% Barges R'Dam Curve

Weekly Report 160724 Page 0033

The 3.5% barges’ curve also saw no change in the backwardation, which is at $38.5 on the 6-month contract (front month minus the six-month contract).   The front fell $12.5/mt, and the six-month fell $12.5/mt too.

VLSFO 0.5% R'Dam Curve

Weekly Report 160724 Page 0034

The VLSFO 0.5% backwardation decreased $1.3/mt to -$24.3/mt compared to a week prior. The curve is still in full backwardation.

ICE Light Gasoil Curve

Weekly Report 160724 Page 0035

The ICE Gasoil curve fell $28.3/mt at the front compared to last week in absolute terms (July 12th compared to July 5th). The six-month fell by $28.3/mt also. The curve is in backwardation, but unstable over the second through third month. The time spread for the 6-month period was unchanged at minus $11.3/mt.

VLSFO 0.5% VS LGO and 3.5% Barges

Weekly Report 160724 Page 0036

The relative value of VLSFO compared to LGO at 6 months is up 1% point at 70% and decreased $12/mt in absolute terms to -$226/mt compared to 73% or $213/mt below LGO at the front. That $213/mt is down $10/mt compared to last week’s reading when the front was 72% of LGO.

Weekly Report 160724 Page 0033 Weekly Report 160724 Page 0034 Weekly Report 160724 Page 0035 Weekly Report 160724 Page 0036

Our point of view

With the latest inflation data suggesting a return to target for the central banks, the “markets” start to expect interest rate cuts. Then, the expectation will be that lower rates will drive commodity prices up. While the financial side of the market anticipates and incorporates expected changes in the current price, it will later revert as it reacts to reality. So far, the central banks have hardly cut, and they keep reiterating that their decisions will be data-dependent. In the USA, the services inflation is strong, up 7% annualized in June. The services are 62% of the PPI, so the impact is considerable, and that will flow through into overall inflation sooner or later. Furthermore, even if rate cuts are implemented, there is a considerable time-lag before those work through into the real economy. The typical reaction time is 18-24 months. For all intent and purposes, the effects of the hikes are only now starting to show up in the data, and that data shows slowdowns across the economy.